George W. Bush and Darth Vader Essay

As a general rule when looking at two characters, regardless of whether one be genuine and the other anecdotal, we think of the two likenesses and contrasts between them. Sometimes anyway do these similitudes and contrasts between an anecdotal character and an individual from this present reality become so glaring that such examination considerably give a significant acknowledgment. One of such only from time to time case is the correlation of George W. Shrub and Darth Vader. This paper will wander on looking at the two characters and toward the end give an acknowledgment of such correlation. The two referenced characters need no presentation hearing these names will promptly give us a picture of them in our minds. George W. Bramble is the current leader of the United States. Darth Vader then again is the mainstream character in the Star Wars motion pictures. On first occurrence it might appear that an examination between these two characters is crazy. This paper anyway will give us that such examination isn't without acknowledgment. It is presented that on uncommon events apparently paltry things, for example, correlation of Bush and Vader can in actuality give us an acknowledgment much better than some other idea we have. To layout this paper will continue on first focusing on the likenesses of the two characters, at that point continue with its disparities and in the long run express the acknowledge made through the end Their Similarities Leaders The most clear similitude among Vader and Bush is that they are the two chiefs. Pioneers in their own regard Bush lead a country and Vader drives a military. Increasingly significant in this closeness isn't just the way that both are pioneers yet the way that both have a similar method of driving. Vader and Bush exercise a disposition of solidarity in authority that they don't consider losses they anyway have the end as a main priority. Like the war in Iraq began by George W. Bramble he was intrepid in continuing with such war regardless of whether he comprehended what it would cost. His evaluations of prominence went down and the economy of his country went down with it. At whatever point one comes to war definitely lives are risked. Shrubbery was not reluctant in trip youthful military soldier’s lives on the line with the goal for him to accomplish his objective and win his war on Iraq. A similar philosophy is shared by Darth Vader. Darth Vader consistently has an objective or a crucial achieve. The savage utilization of his military to accomplish his orders are unmistakably gathered inside his character. In this sort of driving we discover the similitude between George W. Bramble and Darth Vader. The two of them appear to share the belief system that causing penances so as to accomplish an objective is essential. They likewise have articulate negligence for the expense and the outcomes as long as they accomplish this objective this is their method of driving. This is the sort of driving we find in the Star Wars Movies by Darth Vader and the sort of driving we find in America by George W. Hedge. It is thusly presented that since they have a similar sort of belief system of initiative the consequence of their authority speculatively are the equivalent. The finish of Darth Vader has just been seen this kind of initiative brought about disappointment. The current organization of Bush has not yet finished yet the appearing comparability of initiative belief system with Darth Vader can furnish us with a sensible end that the organization of Bush will end in disappointment. The Saga Journal as confirmation of Vader’s administration gives: â€Å"George Lucas has prevailing with regards to making one of the best wake up calls for the hopeful head in his depiction of Darth Vader’s obliterating rule of fear. Darth Vader exemplifies attributes that make most contemporary authority researchers wince. † (Cited in: Michelle Drum, The Saga Journal) Perceived as Villains Another similitude between these two characters is that a considerable lot of us see them as scoundrels. Lowlifess in their own correct larger part of the individuals see both George W. Shrub and Darth Vader as reprobates. Darth Vader particularly like George W. Shrubbery were not generally seen as Villains. They were first considered as saints. George W. Shrub couldn't have been president if the individuals didn't consider him a legend. He won the political decision multiple times. This is just confirmation that before George W. Bramble was seen as a reprobate he was considered as a saint. The equivalent is valid for Darth Vader. Darth Vader was not promptly Darth Vader before his change to such character. He was the youthful and promising Anakin Skywalker his perspectives were good and he had a decent feeling of equity. This anyway changed as a result of the conditions as gave in the film. This lone implies that occasionally the well known expression in the batman film may be genuine now and again we see ourselves a saint sufficiently long to turn into the scoundrel. This is the comparative condition of both Bush and Vader. In one of the articles of the National News it gave the view of Bush being a miscreant as it stated: â€Å"According to an Associated Press-AOL News survey, President Bush is both the main scoundrel and the main legend of 2006. † (refered to in: Two Sided Coin for Bush: Villain and Hero By Cathy Gill) Powerful The last similitude this paper will give from all the likenesses of these two characters is their capacity. There is no uncertainty that both George W. Shrubbery and Darth Vader are a lot of amazing in each feeling of the word. George W. Hedge being the President of the United States of America and Darth Vader being the pioneer of the majestic armed force. Vader being seen as incredible in an article in USA Today as it said â€Å"Not just is Vader ground-breaking, he’s hot, says David Prowse, who shows up as Vader in the initial three movies and has shown up as Vader in ensemble. † (Cited in: Breathing Life into Vader by Mike Snider) Their Differences Their Rise to Power Though it is allowed that both George Bush and Darth Vader are incredible they anyway vary in the way of their ascent to control. Darth Vader utilized unadulterated beast power so as to be the pioneer of the royal armed force. He needed to shelter the clouded side so as to accomplish this objective. George Bush then again rose into power through the command of the American individuals. Hedge rose into power in light of his will and the desire of the individuals. Darth Vader then again needed to look and vanquish this force without anyone else. This distinction in their ascent of intensity gives us an understanding on how they held this force. Darth Vader could hold his capacity until he wished to forsake it. Shrub then again is limited by the restrictions of order given to him. He can just have the intensity of being a CEO as indicated by the timeframe given to him. This gives us a knowledge on why Bush attempts his best to remain in power while Vader unnecessarily and smoothly makes the most of his capacity. This is on the grounds that Vader’s power isn't limited by any cutoff points. Vader Quick on His Feet, Bush Not so Much Darth Vader even as an adolescent known to be Anakin Skywalker has consistently been sharp witted. His reflexes during his time were tantamount to nobody. Shrubbery then again has conceded that he probably won't be as sharp witted than the vast majority. This is considered the way Darth Vader and President Bush decides. Darth Vader is savage and fast on deciding. President Bush has clearly a lot of intuition time before he can settle on a choice. This spells an altogether different impact of their initiative. Darth Vader being sharp witted can undoubtedly order his subordinates and they tail him beyond a shadow of a doubt. The postponement on the dynamic anyway of President Bush spells an alternate story as a result of such his subordinates may not tail him immediately and may even scrutinize his choices. Shrubbery Democracy, Vader Dictatorship The most significant contrast between these two characters anyway lie in the way that Bush leads through a popularity based structure while Vader in each feeling of the word is a tyrant. This carries us to the inquiry which sort of structure is progressively viable is it the majority rule structure or the autocracy? Autocracy brings dutifulness, request and an obvious power. Popular government anyway gives opportunity for each person. It is presented that the two structures have their favorable circumstances and inconveniences. It is additionally submitted anyway that controlling a law based structure like the errand of President Bush is considerably more troublesome than administering in a fascism like Darth Vader. In an article in the LA Times President Bush supported this popular government as the article stated: â€Å"President Bush made great Thursday on his debut promise to push for majority rules system around the globe. † (Cited in: Bush Democracy Vows May Take Time to Bear Fruit by: Sonni Efron) Conclusion The similitudes and the contrasts between the two characters having been examined we currently continue to the acknowledge this paper brings to the table. George Bush and Darth Vader are two altogether different characters. Indeed one lives in reality while one discovers presence in an anecdotal film. They are the two heads, they are both incredible and they are both seen by numerous individuals as pioneers. Then again they contrast on their ascent to control, briskness in choices and the structure where they lead. The most significant thing we need to acknowledge out of this examination is the basic truth that Darth Vader’s story has just been recounted while George Bush’s story is as yet disentangling. This lone implies that we can gain from what happened to Darth Vader and fundamentally saturate it with the unwinding of the account of George Bush. This will give us a sensible end on how George Bush’s story will end. The pertinence of knowing how George Bush’s story will end is that on the off chance that we know about the end, at that point we can get ready for this end we predict. Works Cited †¢ Michelle Drum, The Saga Journal †¢ Two Sided Coin for Bush: Villain and Hero By Cathy Gill, December 29, 2006 †¢ Breathing Life into Vader by Mike Snider

Integrated Social Media Plan for Rockport Company Research Paper

Coordinated Social Media Plan for Rockport Company - Research Paper Example Correspondingly, it very well may be seen that the business systems applied by Rockport halfway spotlights on advancing satisfactory development and built structuring to give extreme solace and style to its clients as per the changing patterns discernible in the worldwide market (Adidas Group, 2012). 2. Characterizing Social Media Goals for Rockport Setting of objectives related with showcasing any item or potentially administration can be considered as an essential and most fundamental advance for current associations so as to fabricate a solid brand foundation in the particular business advertise. Consequently, the essential objectives of the proposed web based life for Rockport would concentrate on: Enhancing or reinforcing its image esteem Driving redesign technique for its constant image improvement and Continuous checking of its image nearness in any particular business showcase 3. Making Message to the Target Audience The advancement of a compelling social message will surely assume a significant job for Rockport to keep up its image value inside the market. So as to meet these specified internet based life objectives, the accompanying messages would empower Rockport to construct its solid image situating in the cowhide footwear business industry. We care about your solace and style Engineered footwear to convey extreme solace and style Setting patterns through conveying advancement and style 4. Choosing Social Channels/Tools for Brand Positioning Following are the couple of significant online networking devices that are chosen to advance the worldwide brand situating of Rockport. Facebook: In its image situating, Rockport utilizes Facebook to advance its item with the intend to Enhance its balanced collaboration between the brand advertisers and purchasers Facilitate better mindfulness and dedication among the focused on showcase portion Emphasize to advance compensating verbal exchange limited time advantages to the brand Twitter: In request to keep up the manageable situation in the shoe structuring and fabricating industry, the advancement of hierarchical item through Twitter have additionally empowered Rockport to Communicate brand and its scope of inventive cowhide footwear Generating brand esteems Demonstrating brand character Getting satisfactory criticism and giving client support LinkedIn: The joining of LinkedIn in the special exercises of Rockport has empowered to assemble a solid online business organize over the world. It in this way encourages the association in Building system of fundamental contacts picking up proficiency in overseeing worldwide worth chains Help selecting fitting contender to wander all inclusive Providing and sharing thoughts among the individuals connected inside the system Google Plus+: Apart from the previously mentioned internet based life previously utilized by the brand, The significant favorable circumstances can be acquired by Rockport through the incorporation of Google+ in its limited t ime exercises. This can help the association in Communicating items/administration to a huge volume of clients Marketing and advancing items/administrations Sharing of various thoughts Providing business arrangements Source: (Bonchi, Castillo, Gionis and Jaimes, 2011) Tumblr: As a viable blogging stage, Tumblr can likewise offer viable help for Rockport to advance its extraordinarily planned footwear items. The essential advantages of Tumblr will consequently incorporate Building intuitive social networks over the current and new business markets of Rockport Improving business organize through fusing scope of potential clients.

Should I Move To A Dedicated Web Hosting

Should I Move To A Dedicated Web Hosting Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Should I Move To A Dedicated Web Hosting?Updated On 21/01/2011Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Web HostingShort URL : http://hbb.me/Y7icmL CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogThis is yet another HBB Question and Answers section. I was asked by one of clients whether she should move to a dedicated hosting since she wants her site to be perfect!But she was not able to differentiate between a shared hosting server and a dedicated hosting server.For people who dont know what a dedicated server/web host is,A dedicated hosting service, dedicated server, or managed hosting service is a type of Internet hosting in which the client leases an entire server not shared with anyone. (via Wikipedia)Meanwhile, if you have any questions regarding Blogging, Tweaks, Tutorials, WordPress, then feel free to ask your question via Contact form.Ask Yourself Some QuestionsFinally I asked her some q uestions regarding Dedicated Hosting Server and she changed her mind. The Questions are as follows :#1 Do you want to host several websites?#2 Do you want to install several custom applications?#3 Do you require high Bandwidth?#4 Do you need high-level security for your website?#5 Do you want to have your own server?#6 Last but not least, can you afford one?What Makes Dedicated Hosting Special?#1 Storage : You can get almost unlimited disk space using dedicated hosting. Th?? come w?th th??r ?w? processors, hard drives, bandwidth capability ??? RAM.READVirtual Private Server (VPS) Explained!#2 Bandwidth : Dedicated server meets your bandwidth needs adequately since you dont need to share resources with other websites. They reduce your needs to share hardware or software with other websites on the server.#3 Security : You are saved from intrusions caused by other sites. Using dedicated hosting, you will be in complete control of security. Anti Spam Appliance is used here whic h acts like a Strong Firewall.#4 Customization : You can customize it the way you like since you have the complete control. You can make changes and updates on software installed on your server since you have full root access to the dedicated web server.In short, if you have money and your site receives heavy traffic, you can confidently consider a dedicated server or a Virtual Private Server (VPS).Are you using a shared web server or a dedicated one? Are you comfortable with it? Share your opinions are comments!

Hourly Nursing Rounds - 1014 Words

Running head: HOURLY ROUNDING DECREASE FALLS, CALL LIGHT USAGE Hourly Rounding Decrease Falls, Call Light Usage and Increase Patient Satisfaction Jacqueline Madison Grand Canyon University Introduction to Nursing Research NRS 433v Diana Nassar August 12, 2012 Hourly Rounding Decrease Falls, Call Light Usage and Increase Patient Satisfaction Hourly rounding is a continuing challenge for hospitals across the United States. What’s effective about this method is that it has brought some positive changes to some Health care facilities. There are three factors that have been constantly tested to improve patient care. These factors are: 1) fall rates 2) call light usage and 3) overall patient satisfaction.†¦show more content†¦However, if this patient was removed, the data would show a significant decrease in call usage. Also, there was no significant difference between the pre-intervention and the post-intervention phase for patient satisfaction, but there is subjective evidence from the hourly rounds of nursing leaders, like the nursing manager (NM), that patient satisfaction increased. There were certain limitations that affected the final results of the study. The sample size was too small of a number. Because of the small sample size, there was an outlier that impacted the study to a higher scale tha n if there was a larger sample. This outlier was the delirious patient, who had used the call button 187 times in a 6 day period. Another limitation was the lack of effort from the nursing staff in the experimental group to practice the hourly rounding protocol. This specifically affected the data for both the call light usage and fall rates. According to Olrich, Kalman, Nigolian, â€Å"technical difficulties with the call-light date collection system did not allow weekly data†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ reports of falls were not received until almost 4 months into the rounding process† (Olrich, Kalman, Nigolian, p.26). In order to effectively make this strategy work, there have to be a 100% involvement and commitment from all nurses and staff. If this is executed appropriately and consistently, then hourly rounding would potentially decrease fall rates and call light usage and improveShow MoreRelatedEssay on Literature Review for Nursing Researh1357 Words   |  6 PagesProblem Des cription Hourly patient rounding, according to Neville, is a preset timing, usually every hour or every two hour, in which tasks are performed by nurses as a way to check in on the patients (Neville, 2012). The concept of hourly rounding by nurses is not new. Infact, it is a way nurses organize their work and address important issues as they go about their day. There are other types of rounding in the hospitals such as interdisciplinary rounds and medical rounds, but these are doneRead MoreNurses Hourly Rounding Response Time For Reducing Risk Of Falls Among Elderly Patients Essay1397 Words   |  6 Pages Does Nurses Hourly Rounding Response Time Help in Reducing The Risk of Falls Among Elderly Patients? Mireine Tankeu Shenandoah University N306: Theory, Reasoning, and Reseach in Nursing Lorena Jung, PhD, RN Pam Cangelosi, PhD, RN Does Nurses Hourly Rounding Response Time Help in Reducing the Risk of Falls Among Elderly Patients? Falls among elderly individuals have continued to be a major challenge for health care providers. 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Hourly/Intentional rounding amplifies the nurse-patient relationship, continuity of care, safety, and service excellence. Intentional rounding or rounding with a purpose can be a success as long as nursing staff have a better understanding and take ownership of the practice. Leadership and nursing staff need to collectively cognize each other’s role pertaining to the delivery of care regarding this practice. The purpose of this piece is to delve into why hourly rounding is importantRead MoreDesign For Change Proposal : Implementing Hourly Rounding1487 Words   |  6 PagesDesign for Change Proposal: Implementing Hourly Rounding Improving patient safety and increasing patient satisfaction while in the hospital is an ongoing issue in hospitals. Developing a plan to make changes within hospitals is the first step in accomplishing this task. The design plan for change is to improve patient safety, decrease risk of falls and increase patient satisfaction by implementing intentional hourly rounding for older adult patients (over the age of 65) admitted to a 40 bed telemetryRead MoreReducing Risk Of Patient Harm From Falls1319 Words   |  6 Pagesspecific question that provides evidence for clinical decision-making. The population of this question includes patients on an orthopedic floor. 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Case Study Warm Winter - 2003 Words

â€Å"WARM WINTER† Kyle LeJeune April 12, 2015 Rutgers University Agency Information (Background Capability) Since 2009, Coming Home of Middlesex County has worked tirelessly within and directly with the community creating a true system to end homelessness. Through funding from Middlesex County, NJ, The United Way and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, this organization has been able to establish a solid footing in combatting homelessness. As administrators of the Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) for the county, our agency restructured its system to a client-based, needs-based system of services. It is because of this, in conjunction with our agency’s coordination of the county’s Point-In-Time (PIT) survey that we have†¦show more content†¦Those collaborations along with our deep relationships with the community are what have made us such a strong organization. Our agency is striving to create self-sustaining environments for all the homeless individuals and families within Middlesex County. Our long-term goal is to eliminate homelessness altogether. Programs and Services: o Homeless case management provider to the County’s Homeless Hotline o Direct case management services to those entering the system through the 211 hotline o Provide limited funding for temporary placement o Limited financial assistance for permanent housing o Housing First Campaign Organizational Structure: Coming Home is comprised of 18 board members, 5 full-time employees: †¢ Eileen O’Donnell (Executive Director) - B.A in Psychology, Masters in Public Policy, J.D. from Rutgers School of Law, and is currently pursuing her M.S.W. †¢ Ruth Cruz (Case Manager for the Homeless Hotline)- B.A. in Sociology †¢ Bobbin Paskell (Assistant Director of Systems) - M.S.W., L.S.W. †¢ Meriam Shenoda (Executive Assistant/Fundraising Manager)- Bachelor’s in Commerce Accounting †¢ Christopher DeGiulio (Assistant Director of Programs) Also, 1-2 interns per college semester and 15 regular volunteers Need/Problem (Need, Goals, Objectives) While the process of accessing affordable housing is not an overnight process and moving into an

Symptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia - 1504 Words

Schizophrenia is a disorder that affects about 1% of the population at some point (Durand Barlow, 2016). Patients with schizophrenia have a less than average life expectancy due to the fact that they are more likely to be involved in accidents and suicide (Durand Barolow, 2016). In a case study, a man named Jim qualified for schizophrenia due to his very evident suffering from delusions and hallucinations. As such, it is important to develop a thorough recommendation treatments for Jim to ensure improvement. A potential treatment of schizophrenia for Jim is having him attend a mindfulness-based psychoeducation group program. A study for this treatment showed improvement in patients’ level of functioning, amount of psychotic symptoms,†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, a patient who is hallucinating might hear, see, feel, or smell things that are not there. Most commonly, patients might hear someone whispering to them, but they may not even see anyone there. Neg ative symptoms would be feelings or behaviors that have been taken away (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). This might mean that the patient is losing interest in life, lacking emotion, or have lost the will to complete basic life activities such as bathing. Schizophrenia is often misrepresented as someone with extreme delusions and hallucinations. Unfortunately, for schizophrenic patients, it is the negative symptoms that cause the major impairments in life. Jim comes from an Argentinian family with five brothers in sisters. Jim’s first began to show signs of schizophrenia in high school. Jim had always been a good student, but his life took a turn when his father had a heart attack. This put his father in critical condition so Jim’s grades began to slip because he spent most of his time worrying and praying for his father’s recovery. Over time, his father did recover and Jim was convinced his prayers had healing power; this was his first experience with a delusion. Jim began to believe he could influence people’s actions with his mind with his â€Å"God-like† powers. Jim’s negative symptoms also are causing damage his life. He skips many of his classes when he entered college, avoids socialShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia Essay937 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Per MentalHelp.net, schizophrenia is rare with approximately one-percent of the worldwide population and 1.2 percent of the population of the United States suffering from the disease as of 2009. Accurate statistics are difficult to obtain because many sufferers do not seek help. Symptoms typically – but not always – present in teen years with different peak times for females and males. Females have two peak times of vulnerability – mid- to late twenties and again around 40 – whereasRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1108 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought, cognitive impairment, and mood symptoms. Hallucinations may include hearing voices (auditory hallucinations) or seeing people (visual hallucinations) that are not actually present. Patient also often have â€Å"negative† findings such as decreased energy, flat affect, and a lack of interest. These symptoms must typically be present for at least 6 months andRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1060 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Schizophrenia is a well-known emotional and mental disorder that causes hallucinations, and paranoid and delusional behaviour (Hoffer, 2004). In contrast to many other diseases, schizophrenia is mostly due to genetics and influenced by the environment. People who suffer from this disorder usually cannot differentiate from the imaginative world from the real one. Schizophrenia is often a result of stress and develops gradually (DeLisi, 2011). It is therefore, essential to start earlyRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1238 Words   |  5 Pagesdiagnosed with them. Although there are many neurological diseases, schizophrenia is one of them. Schizophrenia is one of the more known disorders in the psychological world. Throughout this paper the following questions are answered: what is schizophrenia, what are the causes of schizophrenia, what are some of the types of schizophrenia, and what are the treatment options for those who are diagnosed with schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a disabling disorder and is chronic and severe to those thatRead MoreSymptoms And Treatments Of Schizophrenia1205 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia Roughly 2.5 Million Americans have been diagnosed with a chronical brain disorder known as Schizophrenia. Most people believe schizophrenia causes people to have split personalities, but that’s not the case. The illness called Schizophrenia causes a person to hallucinate, hear voices that others can’t hear, make people believe that they are being watched, and the belief somebody is out to harm them. (Mental Health America 2015) In this paper I will write about the prevalence, whatRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1011 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental disorder that consists of hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and thought. â€Å"Schizo† if Greek for Split while â€Å"phrene† means mind; schizophrenia literally translates to split mind (Burton, 2012). Why is schizophrenia considered to be split minded? 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For this reason, they were often institutionalized and removed from society (DiRocco). The causes of this mental psychotic disorder has been much more understood over the past decade resulting in the possibility for people with schizophrenia to live more average lives. Development of treatments, such as medication and various forms of psychotherapies, have been effective in treating symptoms and common comorbidRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1058 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is defined as â€Å"a brain disorder that affects the way a person behaves, thinks, and sees the world.†(Melinda Smith, Jeanne Segal). Schizophrenia is treatable but incurable, and is present in one percent of the general population. Some people with schizophrenia can function normally without the help of medicines, while others must rely on medications. The disorder can also get so severe that an individual may need to be hospitalized or worse. 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Rigor Research Validity in Qualitative †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Qualitative Rigor Research Validity in Qualitative. Answer: Introduction Antenatal counseling remains a key component for clinical care for expectant mothers, especially for primi gravida mothers. Antenatal psychological distress is estimated to be high worldwide. The prevalence ranges from 8% to 30%, depending on a countrys social cultural determinants. Statistics for developed countries stand at 18% with a higher percentage in developing countries(Satyanarayana,2011).Antenatal counseling, also prenatal counseling is a care the seeks to grow understanding of maternal care to mothers. This maternal care covers the care during and after the pregnancy. Primi gravida mothers by definition are mothers who are carrying their first pregnancy, meaning that they are often deficient of critical maternal care. The situation is especially wanting where the primi gravida mothers develop stress or anxiety for various reasons in the course of the pregnancy. Medical practitioners involved often advocate for non-invasive testing and counseling. In addition to these routine tastings and counseling, the World Health Organization(WHO)recommends information be accorded to pregnant mothers on health needs of the pregnant woman,nutrition,emergency preparedness, danger sign recognition and preventive home practices. Also included is advice that promotes mother and child health during and after birth. Management of stress in primi gravida mothers often amounts to anxiety and depression. It is the most common mental disorder during pregnancy, often relating to psychosocial and clinical factors (Ayele et al.2016). Maternal depression and anxiety form the greatest number of complications reported during pregnancy (Thomas et al.2014).It is noted that primi gravida mothers are adversely affected by this stressful state in relation to emotional wellbeing, her relationship with the child and the larger family. The child is also affected in various ways such as emotionally, potential disability and cognitive and behavioral development challenges (Thomas et al.2014). Over time, communication provide in antenatal counseling has shown positive impact towards improving stress conditions among primi gravida mothers. However,information studies indicate that in developing countries, information provided in antenatal counseling is inadequate.Actually,patients in these countries perceive antenatal counseling as poor and of limited communication (Jennings et al.2010).This findings explain the increasing need for antenatal counseling for primi gravida mothers all over the world. This study will examine whether antenatal counselling reduce the stress in primi gravida mothers during pregnancy. As previously, noted, effective antenatal counseling remains unpopular in developing countries as compared to developed countries where it has greatly improved maternal understanding and general health practices especially among primi gravida mothers (Jennings et al.2010). According to Satyanarayana (2011), cases of psychological distress are more in developing countries than in developed countries. Moreover, a few studies have investigated the effectiveness Antenatal counseling for stressed primi gravida mothers in the Australian context only to find that quality of antenatal counseling is wanting since counseling varies and there are no comprehensive national guidelines on antenatal care (Hunt and Lumley 2002). The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of antenatal care in reducing stress among primi gravida mothers in Australia. Research Question The main research question is, Does Antenatal Counselling Reduce the Stress in Primi Gravida Mothers During Pregnancy? The study will seek to address the following objectives: To determine the perceptions of primi gravida mothers on antenatal counseling. To determine the actual experiences in antenatal counseling for primi gravida mothers dealing with stress during pregnancy and their recommendations. To determine the nature and quality of support given to stressed primi gravida mothers during pregnancy. This being a qualitative investigation, the researcher will not endeavor to formulate and test a research hypothesis. Since the purpose of the research is to investigate whether antenatal counseling helps to reduce stress among pregnant primi gravida mothers. The researcher does not have prior knowledge of the feelings and experiences of stressed and pregnant primi gravida mothers in Australia, hence it is not possible to formulate meaningful hypothesis for testing. For the purpose of clinical practice, the researcher is interested in subjective experiences of stressed primi gravida mothers in antenatal counseling. Hypothesis testing requires numerical variables, which fail to address and reflect on the nature of the research as a nursing practice. Consequently, the use of the qualitative approach provides the researcher with the opportunity to have a broader perspective where the research goes through the entire research process, and then begins to narrow down to the themes and trends in the study that then guide the formulation of hypothesis (Blankenship, 2010). The hypothesis for the proposed study will be formulated at the end following a process of data collection and analysis. For the purpose of this investigation, the researcher shall employ the grounded theory to generate hypothesis from the data, findings and responses received from the study participants. According to Corbin and Strauss (1990) grounded theory enables researchers to begin an investigation without the need of formulating a testable hypothesis and generate the hypothesis or theories as they emerge from the data, findings and participant responses. Grounded theory uses two principles, namely, questioning instead of measuring and using theoretical coding to generate hypothesis (Corbin Strauss, 1990). There are different approaches for achieving the purpose of the proposed study. A research approach is important in determining the size of the research sample, the data that is relevant and appropriate to the study, and the relevant methods for collecting, analyzing and presenting the data and research findings (Caulley, 2007). Qualitative research allows the research to incorporate inspirations, motives, meanings, attitudes, values, beliefs, and human perspective in investigating the social reality and daily life experiences of people (Holloway and Galvin, 2016). Moreover, the qualitative design allows the researcher to investigate subjects, cases, phenomenon in their real and natural environment and settings thus generating appropriate meaning and insights from the experiences of the participants. With qualitative research design, the researcher is able to use different methodologies, approaches and methods of data collection, analysis and presentation. This allows the researcher to achieve flexibility, freedom and adaptability while investigating the research question and attaining the purpose of the study (Marshall and Rossman, 2011). The qualitative research approach is therefore appropriate, relevant and important in providing an understanding on whether antenatal counseling helps to reduce stress in pregnant primi gravida mothers in Australia, and the support accorded to these mothers. This study will adopt a qualitative research design with semi-structured interviews. The use of semi-structured interviews offers the researcher flexibility and balance of the open-ended interviews and highly structured ethnographic research (Bernard and Bernard, 2012). Research Design The researcher will employ the explorative research design to investigate the purpose and objectives of the study. The explorative design is deemed appropriate when collecting primary research data, gaining insights and familiarity with the topic under investigation. It will be important for the researcher to be familiar with the experience of mothers during pregnancy and the role of prenatal counseling in reducing pain. By using the exploratory design, the researcher will be able to understand the ideas, theoretical foundations and assumptions guiding the study under investigations. Hence, the exploratory design is appropriate, and relevant to the proposed study. Semi-structured interviews are effective when analyzing, developing and refining a research question. It is also useful when researcher is seeking to uncover descriptive data concerning the experiences of the research participants. Using semi-structured interviews enables the research to move from a general topic to specific variables and factors in the study (Galletta, 2013). Moreover, semi-structured interviews offer the researcher an opportunity to identify and describe existing relationships and develop theoretical background for further research. Semi-structured interviews enable the research to examine and explore the lived experiences of research participants (Galletta, 2013). Study population shall comprise specifically primi gravida mothers who experienced stress and anxiety during their pregnancy, and attended antenatal counseling at Renmark Paringa District Hospital Inc.Ral Ral Ave, Renmark, Australia between December 2016 and April 2017. Sampling allows the researcher to select participants from the entire population for the purpose of the study (Privitera, 2013). A good sampling technique enables the researcher to identify a representative sample from the population that aids in attaining the purpose of the study while remaining cost-effective and appropriate to the available resources, both people, time and money (Privitera, 2013). This study will use purposive sampling technique. Purposive sampling is one of the non-probability techniques useful for conducting qualitative studies and enables the researcher to gain a deeper understanding of the problem, phenomenon or issues under investigation. The researcher deliberately makes choices and selections of the research participants based on the predetermined qualities that they have (Tongco, 2007). The researcher determines the information he/she wants to collect and goes out to identify and select people who are able and willing to provide the desired information based on their personal experiences and knowledge (Tongco, 2007). The purposive sampling technique would be very effective in achieving the purpose of the proposed study. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria The sample for this study will be drawn only from primi gravida mothers who attended antenatal counseling and has stressful pregnancy period for the period December 2016-April 2017.For the mothers to be eligible to participate in the research, they will be required to demonstrate a recent memory of their experience. Moreover, the mother should be able to speak and understand English. The researcher will conduct sampling until the right participants and the required sample size has been attained. For the purpose of the research, given the limited time and financial resources, the researcher shall target to recruit a sample size of n=20 primi gravida mothers going through stressful pregnancy period and who met the above stated inclusion and exclusion criteria. The researcher will contact all the primi gravida mothers in the sample identified and request for their participation in the proposed study. Informed consent is critical to ensuring attainment of the research objectives while safeguarding and protecting the interests of the participants in the study (Shrivastava, Shrivastava and Ramasamy, 2015). Therefore, the researcher will inform the mothers on the nature and importance of the study. The mothers shall be granted an opportunity to accept or reject the invitation to partake in the study. Their decision will be reached without force, or undue influence. The researcher will identify the names of those who agree to participate in the study and further educate them on the purpose of the study, nature of activities they would be involved and the use of the information and results generated from the investigation. They will be expected to read, understand and sign an informed consent sheet, which will be assessed by the Ethics Committee for accuracy, completeness and relevance for the proposed study. This particular study will use both primary and secondary data to attain its purpose and objectives. Secondary data shall comprise books, journals and other scholarly publications that the researcher will use to establish the context, theoretical background, explain the concepts, refine the research topic and identify gaps in the existing literature on the topic for future research (Rabianski, 2004). The qualitative design offers variety regarding the methods of collecting primary data for the purpose of the study.Primary data collection will use different methods, including face-to-face interviews, primary and secondary data, case studies, observations and discussions within focused groups (Rabianski, 2004). The choice of the preferred method depends on the objective and purpose of the investigation and the kind of data that the researcher seeks to collect (Rabianski, 2004). For the purpose of the proposed investigation, primary data will be collected through face-to-face interviews conducted by the researcher over a period of 4 months. Face to face interviews provides an opportunity for the researcher to ensure the completeness of the semi-structured interviews, ask other emerging or probing questions and observe the non-verbal cues from the participants to compliment their stated feelings, perceptions and experiences concerning the research question (DiCicco?Bloom and Crabtree, 2006). All the interviews will be conducted in English language. The interview shall comprise asking mothers with participants to describe their experiences while going through the antenatal counscelling and to offer recommendations where necessary. The researcher will use probing questions to guide the primi gravida mothers in delving deeper and offering more information and detail concerning the effectiveness of the antenatal counseling in reducing their stress. The researcher will use instruments such as notebooks and electronic recorders to document and preserve the interviews for reviewing later during the data analysis phase. At the end of the interviewing process the researcher will recap and summarize every key point provided by the mothers, and then verify where necessary to determine the correctness and accuracy of the data collected. Data analysis phase will then follow. Data Analysis Data analysis is critical to understanding the collected data, and deriving relevant findings, conclusions and recommendations. After completing all the interviews, the researcher will listen to the recorded tapes and engage in verbatim transcription of the recorded interviews. An independent observer will be used to check the content of the recorded tapes and compare it with the non-verbal behavior noted during the interviews. The researcher and independent observer shall engage in careful reading and re-reading of the transcripts to establish actual meanings and trends emerging from the data, and the non-verbal cues observed among the research participants. Following Morse (1994) framework, line-by-line reading of the narrative will be conducted and the arising text divided into categories. This shall comprise level 1 coding where unique words or codes will be assigned to every category to convey specific meaning of the category (Graneheim and Lundman, 2004). The level 2 coding shall involve grouping all the coded data to common meaning, generating categories and subthemes from the information (Graneheim and Lundman, 2004). Level 3 coding will include grouping the subthemes together to achieve emerging trends or themes constituting the Basic Social Psychological Process (Graneheim and Lundman, 2004). Three independent coders and assessors will review the entire coding process, the codes assigned and categories formulated in order to determine the trustworthiness, validity and accuracy of the codes and ensure easier and effective interpretations of the information and findings gleaned from the study. Rigor, Reliability and Validity Unlike quantitative studies, it is very challenging to establish rigor in qualitative investigations because of the subjective nature of information and data collected. Although reliability and validity are research concepts commonly utilized in quantitative investigations, they also have a role in qualitative studies, especially while designing, analyzing data and ensuring the overall quality of the study (Patton, 1990). Researcher use concepts of credibility, comfirmability, dependability and transferability to assess rigor qualitative studies (Lincoln and Guba,1985). Credibility relates to providing findings that are convincing and believable. Transferability entails the ease of application of research findings across other context that share similarities with the research setting. Dependability is a feature that entails the findings from a study almost similar to other studies conducted on the topic. Confirmability is a test where an independent reviewer or auditor finds similar findings as the lead researcher. Trustworthiness is a critical measure of reliability in qualitative studies (Seale, 1999). Lincoln and Guba (1985) further note that the measure of trustworthiness replaces validity and reliability measures while conducting qualitative research. Research rigor or trustworthiness is achieved through researchers attention and confirmation of information gathered to represent the actual experiences of the participants (Thomas and Magilvy, 2011). For the purpose of the proposed study, the researcher will use four criteria proposed in Gubas framework to establish the trustworthiness of the qualitative investigation. Lincoln and Guba (1985) identified credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability as important measures of trustworthiness. Credibility will be attained by tape recording the interviews, conducting participants debriefing, member checks and comparing notes and summaries with the participants to verify their experiences. The researcher will assess transferability by sharing the findings with an independent colleague to offer constructive critique and sharing the findings from nurses and mothers that did not participate in the study. An independent reviewer will also check the findings, analysis, interpretations and the recommendations to confirm that they are supported by the available data. The researcher will assess dependability by using a more experienced independent person to check and review the coding and analysis process. Finally, confirmability will be achieved by using the actual words of the participants to explain and describe their experiences plus recommendations concerning antenatal counseling for stressed and pregnanat primi gravida mothers. While conducting an investigation, the researcher has ethical obligations to ensure and protect the rights of the participants (Munhall, 2012). It will be important to establish trust between the researcher and the participants. Hence, ethical considerations will be very important in the proposed study. Three ethical considerations will be utilized while conducting the study. Firstly, before conducting the study, the researcher will seek informed consent and written approval from the university ethics committee (Munhall, 2012). Permission will also be sought from the Management of the hospital where the study will be conducted. Finally, informed consent will be sought from mothers, who will participate in the actual study. Secondly, the researcher will ensure confidentiality and anonymity by using codes instead of the actual names of the participants to avoid divulging personal information to the public (Munhall, 2012). Lastly, the participants will be informed of their right to with draw from the study at any given point without any punishment. Like any other research, this study will experience a few challenges that will affect the quality of the research findings and applications to the general population. The collection and analysis of qualitative data is time consuming, and expensive, which will hinder the researcher from exploring a larger sample size (Anderson, 2010). The use of a small sample size reduces credibility and reliability of the research findings, which will create a problem in generalizing the findings to the entire study population (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault, 2015). This being a qualitative research, it is very difficult to assess rigor through reliability and validity tests, forcing the researcher to use trustworthiness measure (Green and Thorogood, 2013). Conclusion In conclusion, this paper has presented a proposal for investigating possibility reducing stress for pregnant primi gravida mothers through antenatal counseling in Australia. This research proposal is significant to my overall academic performance since it will culminate into an academic enquiry that is relevant and appropriate for my program. There being no specific guidelines of antenatal care for primi gravida and other mothers in Australia, there is little or no information concerning the experiences of mothers going through stress, anxiety or depression in the nursing practice. The literature of this study will contribute to a body of literature on the subject and topic by identifying existing research gaps, and developing knowledge, recommendations, and research based evidence concerning the experiences of stressed and expectant primi gravida mothers. Upcoming primi gravida mothers, Management, nurses and counsellors, caregivers and future students will find this study very rel evant to nursing. Nurses and counsellors will understand how to best support, and provide adequate information to pregnant primi gravida mothers who experience stress. References Anderson, C., 2010. 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Charpak, N., Gabriel Ruiz, J., Zupan, J., Cattaneo, A., Figueroa, Z., Tessier, R., Cristo, M., Anderson, G., Ludington, S., Mendoza, S. and Mokhachane, M., 2005. Kangaroo mother care: 25 years after.Acta Paediatrica,94(5), pp.514-522. Chen, A., Tenhunen, H., Torkki, P., Heinonen, S., Lillrank, P. and Stefanovic, V., 2017. Considering medical risk information and communicating values: A mixed-method study of womens choice in prenatal testing.PloS one,12(3), p.e0173669. Corbin, J.M. and Strauss, A., 1990. Grounded theory research: Procedures, canons, and evaluative criteria.Qualitative sociology,13(1), pp.3-21. de Alencar, A.E.M.A., Arraes, L.C., de Albuquerque, E.C. and Alves, J.G.B., 2009. Effect of kangaroo mother care on postpartum depression.Journal of tropical pediatrics,55(1), pp.36-38. DiCicco?Bloom, B. and Crabtree, B.F., 2006. The qualitative research interview.Medical education,40(4), pp.314-321. Eichel, P., 2001. Kangaroo care: expanding our practice to critically ill neonates.Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews,1(4), pp.224-228. Galletta, A., 2013.Mastering the semi-structured interview and beyond: From research design to analysis and publication. NYU Press. Gogna, N.K., Smiley, M., Walker, A.C. and Fullerton, P., 1986. Low birthweight and mortality in Australian Aboriginal babies at the Royal Darwin Hospital: a 15 year study.Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health,22(4), pp.281-284. Graneheim, U.H. and Lundman, B., 2004. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness.Nurse education today,24(2), pp.105-112. Green, J. and Thorogood, N., 2013.Qualitative methods for health research. Sage. Heinemann, A.B., Hellstrm?Westas, L. and Hedberg Nyqvist, K., 2013. Factors affecting parents' presence with their extremely preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care room.Acta Paediatrica,102(7), pp.695-702. Holloway, I. and Galvin, K., 2016.Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare. John Wiley Sons. Hunt, J.M. and Lumley, J., 2002. Are recommendations about routine antenatal care in Australia consistent and evidence-based?.Medical Journal of Australia,176(6), pp.255-259. Jennings, L., Yebadokpo, A.S., Affo, J. and Agbogbe, M., 2010. Antenatal counseling in maternal and newborn care: use of job aids to improve health worker performance and maternal understanding in Benin.BMC pregnancy and childbirth,10(1), p.75-85 Lawn, J.E., Mwansa-Kambafwile, J., Horta, B.L., Barros, F.C. and Cousens, S., 2010. Kangaroo mother careto prevent neonatal deaths due to preterm birth complications.International journal of epidemiology,39(suppl 1), pp.i144-i154. Guba, E.G. and Lincoln, Y.S., 1985. Naturalistic inquiry (Vol. 75).Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Marshall, C. and Rossman, G.B., 2011.Designing qualitative research. Sage publications. Morse, J.M., 1994. Emerging from the data: the cognitive process of analysis in qualitative enquiry. IN: Morse, JM.Critical Issues in Qualitative Research Methods. Munhall, P.L., 2012.Nursing research. Jones Bartlett Learning Patton, M.Q., 1990.Qualitative evaluation and research methods. SAGE Publications, inc Privitera, G.J., 2013.Research methods for the behavioral sciences. Sage Publications Rabianski, J., 2004. Primary and secondary data: concepts, concerns, errors and issues.Australian Property Journal,38(4), p.306-313 Rebouch, R., 2015. Non-invasive testing, non-invasive counseling. Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics, 2, p. 228-240 Seale, C., 1999. Quality in qualitative research.Qualitative inquiry,5(4), pp.465-478 Shrivastava, S.R., Shrivastava, P. and Ramasamy, J., 2015. Informed consent in clinical research.CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research,2(2), p.183-185 Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons Thomas, E. and Magilvy, J.K., 2011. Qualitative rigor or research validity in qualitative research.Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing,16(2), pp.151-155 Thomas, N., Komiti, A. and Judd, F., 2014. Pilot early intervention antenatal group program for pregnant women with anxiety and depression.Archives of women's mental health,17(6), pp.503-509. Tongco, M.D.C., 2007. Purposive sampling as a tool for informant selection.Ethnobotany Research and applications,5, pp.147-158 World Health Organization, 2003.Kangaroo mother care: A practical guide. World Health Organization.

Y2k Bug Essays - Calendars, Software Bugs, COBOL, Hazards

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Greatness can de defined in many ways, however to be truly great you simply need acceptance. Bernard Malamud’s main character in The Assistant Morris Bober exemplifies this humble greatness while refuting mislead ideals of pompous greatness. Camus’ The Myth of Sisyphus mirrors Morris’ ideal of greatness through the silent acceptance of one’s destiny. Morris lives a very simple, bleak like. He gets up at the same time every morning, sells the same products to the same customers, takes the same breaks, does the same chores, worries about the same bills from the same store and his family every single day. Nothing has changed much. However despondent a life Morris lives however, he never fails to help out those who are worse off than him. â€Å"He found a penciled spot on the worn counter, near the cash register, and wrote the sum under ’Drunk Womnen’. The new total now came to $2.03†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ( Malamud, 2). Even when Frank confesses to holding Morris up, he reveals that, â€Å"This I already know, you don’t tell me nothing new.† (Malamud, 188). Morris found his greatness through his acceptance of his humble life much like Sisyphus from Camus’ The Myth of Sisy phus. â€Å"At each of those moments when he leaves the heights and gradually sinks toward the lairs of the gods, he is superior to his fate. He is stronger than his rock.†(Camus, 230). Only through accepting one’s fate humbly with understanding like Morris and Sisyphus can one become â€Å"stronger than his rock†. It is evident in Morris’ demeanor that not only does he hold Camus’ ideals among greatness, but that he openly refutes Carlye’s ideals as well. Carlye’s On Heroes and Hero-Worship blatantly contrasts Morris Bober’s views on greatness with its ideals that greatness is rooted in recognition and distinguishment. Carlye believes that â€Å"One comfort is that Great Men, taken up in any way are profitable company.† (Carlyle, 237). This however is not tr... Free Essays on The Meaning Of Greatness Free Essays on The Meaning Of Greatness Greatness can de defined in many ways, however to be truly great you simply need acceptance. Bernard Malamud’s main character in The Assistant Morris Bober exemplifies this humble greatness while refuting mislead ideals of pompous greatness. Camus’ The Myth of Sisyphus mirrors Morris’ ideal of greatness through the silent acceptance of one’s destiny. Morris lives a very simple, bleak like. He gets up at the same time every morning, sells the same products to the same customers, takes the same breaks, does the same chores, worries about the same bills from the same store and his family every single day. Nothing has changed much. However despondent a life Morris lives however, he never fails to help out those who are worse off than him. â€Å"He found a penciled spot on the worn counter, near the cash register, and wrote the sum under ’Drunk Womnen’. The new total now came to $2.03†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ( Malamud, 2). Even when Frank confesses to holding Morris up, he reveals that, â€Å"This I already know, you don’t tell me nothing new.† (Malamud, 188). Morris found his greatness through his acceptance of his humble life much like Sisyphus from Camus’ The Myth of Sisy phus. â€Å"At each of those moments when he leaves the heights and gradually sinks toward the lairs of the gods, he is superior to his fate. He is stronger than his rock.†(Camus, 230). Only through accepting one’s fate humbly with understanding like Morris and Sisyphus can one become â€Å"stronger than his rock†. It is evident in Morris’ demeanor that not only does he hold Camus’ ideals among greatness, but that he openly refutes Carlye’s ideals as well. Carlye’s On Heroes and Hero-Worship blatantly contrasts Morris Bober’s views on greatness with its ideals that greatness is rooted in recognition and distinguishment. Carlye believes that â€Å"One comfort is that Great Men, taken up in any way are profitable company.† (Carlyle, 237). This however is not tr...

2012 London Olympic Games Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

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The Issues Associated with Road Congestion Research Proposal

The Issues Associated with Road Congestion - Research Proposal Example Road traffic congestion is a situation that is characterized by a high number of vehicles on a road that leads to low speed and longer time taken for a trip, road congestion has its negative effects on both the owners of vehicles and also to the environment, some of these negative effects include pollution, increased economic costs, stress, and time wastage and increased health hazards to the individuals. Traffic congestion increases the time used for a certain trip, this means that the vehicles will be more likely to emit more pollutant gases into the atmosphere as compared to travel where there is less traffic. Pollution includes both air and sound pollution, air pollution will degrade the environment and some of these minerals are emitted which degrades the environment include sulfur, lead and carbon dioxide. Once the environment is degraded by these gases it poses some health hazards such as acid rain which may cause damage to property and also skin cancer. Global warming is the major environmental effect that is associated with pollution, it is the current issue of concern and traffic congestion can be linked as a source of global warming. In times of traffic snarl-ups too much is wasted that could have been used to conduct other economic activities, many business opportunities are lost due to this inefficiency caused by traffic congestion, it can also be associated with causing lateness to a person who may be urgently needed somewhere, it may also hamper emergency cases such as ambulances may be unable to reach hospitals on time causing even loss of lives.

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Whether or not Plato kept his own ideas out of Socrates is the subject of debate:   . . . at times we may wonder whether Socrates is being serious or ironic, at other times whether he always speaks directly for Plato (Richter 18).   Be that as it may, The Symposium discusses the nature of love, and although it is written in a comic tone, nonetheless it also strives to explore love in a serious manner as bound in morality in the structured forms of drama, rhetoric and dialect.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Symposium takes the form of several speeches by guests at a symposium, or drinking party, at the house of Agathon.   Each of the seven party guests, and their respective speeches, represent a different aspect of love.   Phaedrus takes a literary approach to the topic of love, while Pausanias a legal perspective.   Eryximachus brings a doctors view to the topic, and Aristophanes, as a comic poet, sticks with a humorous take on the subject.   Agathon uses a self-conscious poetic outlook, whereas Socrates puts a religious spin on love.   Finally, Alcibiades talks about his relationship, whether erotic or not, to Socrates.   If love is a part of or even the basis of morality, then it is not surprising that Socrates and Plato were interested in coming up with a clear idea of what love was, because according to D. Brendan Nagle, Socrates and Plato, came to the defense of the beleaguered city-state and tried to find a new and irrefutable moral basis for it (162).   Socrates was looking for a basis for morality, and certainly he thought at least a part of it was bound up in the idea of love.   C. M. Bowra, in Classical Greece, says that Socrates was the first exponent in Greece of a morality based on the demands of individual conscience rather than the demands of the state (137). This work explores this idea of love bound in morality.   Socrates, at a time before the drinking party, speaks to Diotima, who tells him a story about love.   She brings together the ideas of love and eternality, or what we might today call a true and undying love.   She relates how some men were willing to die for the sake of their name being bound to a good reputation even after their death.   She gives the example that Achilles would not have avenged Patroclus was it not for the memory of their virtues, which still survives among us, would be immortal? (The Symposium).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Plato uses the dramatic form as one type of structure for The Symposium (Platos Symposium).   There is an introduction, the body of the play, and an afterward.   The drama is built around the verbal antics of three pairs of speakers with differing points of view.   Phaedrus is a social climber and wants to get in good with the poets.   He is a rival to Pausanias for Agathons attention.   Pausanias, however, is Agathons current lover, so the plot thickens comedically in this first episode. The next scene takes place between Eryximachus, the physician who is bombastic and Aristophanes, the comic dramatist who was known for bringing down people with big egos.   The final portion is a debate between Agathon and Socrates.   Plato draws a verbal picture of Agathon as a flamboyant self-centered character, whereas Socrates comes across as simple and unfashionable.   These pairings help produce the comedy and satire of the piece.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The rhetoric of this piece can also be used as a form for the discussion of love in which these characters partake.   Some of the characters deliver their speeches in an exaggerated manner, such as Eryximachus and Agathon.   Others, like Socrates and Aristophanes, use a plain style.   By the end of the piece Alcibiades, the last speaker, explains in summary that inner beauty is more attractive than outer charm.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another way to understand The Symposium is as an example of the Socratic method itself.   It starts with basic ideas about love, and gradually it grows to deeper understanding based on a question and answer format made famous by Socrates.   Phaedrus begins with the idea that love elevates the lover, but Pausanias counters that love can have a religious context or a secular one. The doctor gives a medical explanation for love, claiming that love will bring peace to the mind, whereas Aristophanes thinks that love is more self-centered, because the lover is looking for self-actualization through the means of love. Socrates has the final summary through expressing the ideas of Diotima to the other party guests that love in its purest form wants eternally to be immortal and also wants the good and the beautiful to be the focus of its immortality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Socrates used humor as well as structure provided by drama, rhetoric, and the Socratic method of question and answer to get his message concerning love across not only to the guests at the party, but eventually to the world.   This piece has been the foundation upon which Western cultures idea of love was based.   Although Socrates students loved him, the state, not surprisingly, did not for several reasons.   The city-state leaders did not like the idea that Socrates questioned the popular religions of the day. He believed his search for self-individualism was greater than the needs of the state.   The state of Athens thought Socrates, in his role as an educator, to be a corrupting force on the youth of the city, and they condemned him to death.   He died surrounded by his friends and talking to them, after he had drunk hemlock, the poison that would take his life.   Plato called Socrates,the wisest and most just and best man who ever lived, a saint and a martyr (Bowra 138).   Even after Socrates death, Plato wrote down the words that Socrates said, and this is why we can begin to understand his thoughts in The Symposium. Works Cited Bowra, C. M. et al.   Classical Greece.   Alexandria, VA:   Time-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Life Books, 1977. Nagle, D. Brendan.   The Ancient World:   A Social and Cultural   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   History.   2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:   Prentice Hall,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1989. Plato.   Symposium.   http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/p/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   plato/p71sy/symposium.html Platos Symposium.   http://condor.depaul.edu/~dsimpson/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   tlove/symposium.html Richter, David H.   The Critical Tradition:   Classic Texts and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Contemporary Trends.   2nd ed.   Boston:   Bedford Books, 1998.

Explication of Theme in Flannery OConnors A Good Man is Hard to Find

In Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† a family of six set out on a vacation to Florida while an extremely dangerous criminal is on the loose. The family takes the grandmother, who is outraged that the family is traveling while The Misfit is scanning the countryside. Throughout the short story, O’Connor drops many hints to the reader, ultimately leading to the terrifying climax. Foreshadowing is more commonly noticed the second time a story is read as opposed to the first. Readers will pick up on the hints that foreshadow the events to come. Foreshadowing is used when grandmother mentions The Misfit in the opening paragraph, when grandmother dresses formally in case of an accident, and when the graves are noticed in the cottonfield.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Foreshadowing is first used when grandmother tells the family about The Misfit when discussing the vacation destination. â€Å"‘Here this fellow that calls himself The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward Florida and you read here what it says he did to these people. Just you read it. I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose.’† (393). O’Connor throws the idea of The Misfit up in the air for the reader to grasp. â€Å"aloose from the Federal Pen and headed towards Florida,† suggests that the family may in fact have a run-in with The Misfit while in Florida. O’Connor leaves the audience with the feeling that the criminal is dangerous and commits unspeakable c...

Case 15: Teletech Corporation, 2005 Essay

Case Study 3: Estimating the Cost of Capital 1. Currently Teletech Corporation (TC) uses a single hurdle rate for both their Telecommunications Services (TS) and Products and Services (P&S) divisions. This hurdle rate obtained by an estimate of TC Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), which is calculated at 9.3%. When analyzing critically at this point, TS is underperforming with a return on capital (ROC) of 9.1%, whereas, P&S segment is well over the required rate of return as it is gaining a ROC of 11.0%. As a result, the firm’ share price is inactive. Their price-to-earning is far below investor’s expectation in comparison to the firm’s risk. The use of a single constant hurdle rate brings about an uncorrelation between risk and return. With an approx. $2 billion being invested in the upcoming years, the discount rate is significantly important in order to make investment decision on profitable projects, that will increase shareholder’s value. 2. Estimate the segment WACCs for Teletech: Corporate TS P&S Explanation MV asset weights 100% 75% 25.00% Bond rating A-/BBB+ A BB Pretax cost of debt (Kd) 5.88% 5.74% 7.47% Tax rate (t) 40% 40% 40% After-tax cost of debt 3.53% 3.44% 4.48% Kd(1-t) Equity beta (ÃŽ ²) 1.15 1.04 1.36 Industry Average Rf 4.62% 4.62% 4.62% 30-year U.S Treasury Securities RM 10.12% 10.12% 10.12% Source: Bloomberg RM-Rf 5.50% 5.50% 5.50% Cost of equity (Ke) 10.95% 10.34% 12.11% Ke=Rf + ÃŽ ²(RM-Rf) Weight of debt 22.19% 22.19% 22.19% Assume that it stays the same as Weight of equity 77.81% 77.81% 77.81% Teletech WACC 9.30% 8.81% 10.41% WACC=Wd *Kd(1-t) + We*Ke 3. It seems that TS is actually profitable on a risk-adjusted basic, even though it is underperforming compared with the firm hurdle rate. The reason behind is the current use of constant hurdle rate does not mirror the higher cost of debt required for P&S, and shows that the cost of equity required for TS will not have sufficient capital in the future but P&S will be given more than enough because TS’ return is less than P&S. It also indicates that TS certainly is less risky than the company and therefore it should be provided adequate funds in the long run. 4. In term of â€Å"economic value†, all money is green. Teletech having a book value of $16 million, they would fit the profile no matter it is under two segments its return on capital is viewed as one whole part. Investors are only concerned with the company as the whole, rather than its individual segments. The implication of that view is to let investors deeply understand that Teletech will still have return at the hurdle rate despite the fact that P&S is less profitable than TS. The return is being produced for shareholders are clearly dependent on where Teletech invests its fund. The argument in favor is that the returns on  capital of the two segments complied into Teletech hence, it is practical to keep all capital contributions at the firm should be treated individually. The argument against this statement is that the decision might be wrong if the use of strategic consideration is not included. The use of single hurdle rate will make the NPV results consistent but the NPV as well as the economic profit estimations would lose their meaning and comparability across TS and P&S. The separation of using different hurdle rates will make Teletech’s return higher. 5. If all the firm’s assets were invested only in the telecommunication segment the firm would increase the total risk as the lack of diversification on multiple investments. From another point of view, currently Teletech is using a constant rate to determine the projects and this rate is used as the discount rate. If the hurdle rate is set constantly at 9.3%, return on capital of TS (8.5%) is far lower than the hurdle, it seems like TS will reduce the firm’s value. While the return on capital of P&S (11.4%) exceeds the hurdle, it means P&S will enhance the firm’s value. TS P&S Explanation Return on Capital (%) 9.10% 11.00% NOPAT (million) $1,180.00 $480.00 Capital (million) $12,967.03 $4,363.64 Capital=ROC*NOPAT Economic Profit (million) -$25.98 $74.17 Use of a constant hurdle rate EP=(ROC-Hurdle Rate)*Capital $37.66 $25.54 Use of individual hurdle rates Where: The constant hurdle rate = WACCfirm = 9.3% The individual hurdle rates: Used for TS = WACCTS = 8.81% Used for P&S = WACCP&S = 10.41% From the table above, obviously observed that the use of the constant hurdle rate will mislead investment decisions, as it probably will result in negative economic profit from TS (-$25.98 million) as it does not take into account any additional risk associated with each segment. In fact if the use of individual hurdle rates applied, it will generate a large positive economic profit from TS ($37.66 million), PS still remains profitable but it is far below the original economic profit that calculated by using the constant hurdle rate. 6. From the calculations above in part 5, P&S will contribute extra value ($25.54 million) to Teletech as the term â€Å"all money is green† because P&S’ actual return is up to 11%, which is, lightly exceeded the hurdle rate of 10.41%. 7. There is no conflict with holding two seats on Teletech’s board of directors as he demanded, but the initial purpose of business is to provide firm’s customers the best goods and services, that will make Teletech to become the best telecommunication service. The firm will have to generate the best possible return, maximize the shareholder’s wealth, maintain the heavy development in both expansions of range as well as increase in customer’ satisfaction. So far, each segment has shown clear evidences and signs that they have been being brought value to Teletech, therefore Teletech have to decide to treat both TS and P&S like individual firms in the uses of equity and debt for a long run benefit.

Rational Choice Theory Merits and Limitations - 1195 Words

The objective of this paper is to provide insight into Rational Choice Theory. This theory, highly relied upon by many disciplines, is also used to calculate and determine crime and criminal behavior. Through definition, example and techniques utilized by criminologists, the reader will have a better understanding of the subject. By definition, criminology is the study of crime, criminal behavior and how it pertains to the law. Criminology is considered a scientific technique. Therefore, those who study and carry out its theories are considered scientists. The theories and practices within the subject help criminologists determine the cause and consequence of criminal behavior; also why criminology is so highly regarded among law†¦show more content†¦This reasoning is inherently based on the belief that if the punishment is severe enough, it will deter or prevent further criminal behavior. Incidentally, thirty-eight states currently uphold the death penalty based on the find ings of rational choice theory (cite). The CEO of a large corporation decides to siphon small inconspicuous amounts of money from his employer, over an extended period of time. A thief decides to rob an elderly woman walking down a darkened street in the middle of the night. These are just a couple examples of rational choice transpiring. The CEO believes that if he steals only small amounts of money, stretched out over time, no one will have noticed that the money is missing and he will ultimately get away with it. The thief believes that by choosing a more vulnerable target, such as the elderly woman, in a less than safe environment, a darkened street that there will potentially be no witness to his crime and he will likely get away with it, as well. Rational choice theory can be applied to nearly every form of crime. Murder, rape, robbery can all in some way be attributed to rational decision making. Rational choice theory is heavily relied upon because it allows for scientific explanation. Scientific explanation is considered the most respected and substantial form of supporting evidence in virtually all disciplines. However, due to a â€Å"lack† of true hard evidence, the accuracyShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Planning, Policy Formulation And Decision Making Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesOVERVIEW The article is aimed at clarifying and formalizing the Successive Limited Comparisons (Branch) method, which has been neglected by authors (in the literature) for a long time. This long neglected method is contrasted with the Rational-Comprehensive (Root) method, which has been widely covered in the books (literatures) of planning, policy formulation and decision-making. 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